Notes on Pastor Krause - from pages 67 - 80 of Iwan, Vol. II
- Born Leberecht Friedrich Ehregott Krause, October 19, 1804 of Silesian heritage but birthplace unknown (pp. 67/68)
- Imprisoned in Militsch October 1835 - July 1836 for being unwilling to promise he would stop holding non-union church services (p.68)
- Reasons Krause gave for leaving his congregation in America (pp.70/71) - "he had to travel back to Europe in order to improve his health, or he could not follow his people into the less civilized and homeless land of Wisconin, or because he wanted to marry his fiancee in Silesia, these were the reasons given, as well as the other one, which he sent in writing to his abandoned congregation from New York when he met with Grabau, namely that he wanted to protect his congregation in Germany from blood-sucking ship brokers. He also declared himself that the truest reason was that huge doubts concerning the administration of his ministerial office had driven him. If he had only remained in Germany based on this insight the entire Lutheran immigration might have remained freed from an onerous burden."
- The following info Iwan gets from his personal correspondence- After he returned to Germany in December 1839 he found out that neither his fiancee nor her father we willing to emigrate to America and the engagement was called off. Krause was devastated. (He married a widow from Berlin)
Went to Breslau and felt ignored by his brothers in faith.
- He write he cannot no longer tolerate the uncertainty of his existence (fear of being arrested, etc) and he turns himself in.
- p. 71 "The vigorous confinement, in which was was placed, put him in a most melancholy mood. And since he rightly from the first felt that he had been abandoned by his brothers in faith, a burning hatred grew within his soul against the leading personalities of the Lutherans in Breslau, against (p.72) Huschke, Platz, Grempler. And from this hatred a malicious plan was born, which turned him into a Judas of his brothers in faith. When Krause was arrested, the Lutherans were shocked. They feared new oppressions and could not have surmised that Krause had reported himself. However still less did they surmise that with Krause they had a betrayer in their midst and which plans he was forging in prison. We are informed about them through legal actions and other admissions by Krause. [From the secret state archives in Berlin]
- "On January 10, 1840, perhaps in expectation of being freed from his unbearable confinement in custody, Krause made application to the president of police in Breslau, in which he reported that he was willing to submit to any charges which might bring forth the elimination of the ecclesiastic disturbers of the peace. He would make things public which were not already known and there should be no delay since in the Spring it would be easier for the separtist clerics to move around and further their intentions of emigrating. Krause gave nothing more trivial in description than the handing over of the mobile and secretly operating Lutheran clerics to the police. This was completely unhear of since Krause himself was a member of the fleeing clergy and had used the propaganda of emigration and thus knew every trick in the book."
- Krause released and 2 other clergymen arrested.
- At the end of May 1840, he writes the letter to the ministerium, acknowledging his godless activities and asking for forgiveness. The ministerium considers it best to send him back to America. Krause receives his official permission to leave June 8, 1846.
- Grabau willing to take him back only if he agrees to have nothing more to do with the Silesians.
- Fall 1841 - Krause is sent to Wisconsin, where he works quietly and successfully for 4 years. Then he starts to do away with the old and issue in the new (in a pietistic vain) and is accused of taking too much authority upon himself.
- 1848- Grabau calls Krause back to Martinville. He complains about having to live in a blockhouse. Demands a new house. Goes to Buffalo and refuses to return until he gets it. He's accused of being too worldly, too concerned with comfort. He responds: "What does Grabau matter to me, what does Buffalo mean to me? I am Krause. And when everyone in Buffalo goes to the devil, they will still be sacred.
- Excommunicated 1850; January 26, 1851 publically banned.
- He goes to St. Louis, August 1852. Goes to Milwaukee and removes their ban, asks the congregation's forgiveness and thanks them. Then goes to Macomb, MI; takes over Pastor Winkler's fallen members and takes Winkler's church, and goes over to the Missouri Synod with it.
- p. 79 - Krause publishes an article in the Lutheraner December 5, 1850: "Through God's grace I have come to the realization that the Buffalo Synod has a false point of view concering the spiritual priesthood, the ban, etc. while the Synod from Missouri has a proper understanding of it."
- Missouri just accepts him because it opposes Buffalo. Krause leaves the Missouri Synod in 1853.
- He goes to Germany and joins the United Church. In 1856 he repents and joins the Buffalo Synod in Wallmore. Goes back to Minnesota, becomes pastor at Winona. 1860 starts his own synod. 1865 leaves Winona and joins the Ohio synod. 1866 - plans to take a pastoral position in Australia, is given the job and money to get there from San Francisco but doesn't want to cross country full of ferocious animals and wild Indians. He does it anyway. (page 80)
- Served the congregation until March 1876, then started his own mini congregation with 12 families after being dismissed for his rebellious nature. Worked here until 1879 when the congregation was dissolved.
- Died May 24, 1885. Buried in Lobethal, Australia.
Notes on Pastor Grabau - from pages 80 - 94 of Iwan, Vol. II
p. 80 - "When we consider Pastor Grabau after looking at Krause, we meet two opposites coming together. While Krause was a fickle and untrustworthy individual, we have in Grabau a secure, steadfast, goal-conscious and consistent man who surrendered nothing once he had it and who would rather suffer any consequences. He is the untiring and energetic defender of the Lutheran confession under the emigrating clerics and naturally due to this had to stand out among the many adversaries in a land, in whose atmosphere the Lutheran confession had already softened and threatened to soften the new Lutheran immigrants."
Parts of Iwan's biography of J.A.A. Grabau come word for word from John A.'s biography of 1879.
Notes on Heinrich von Rohr - from pages 94 - 100 of Iwan, Vol. II
- Karl Georg Heinrich v. Rohr born March 28, 1797 in Billerbeck, Pommerania.
- Lieutenant in the Kaiser Alexander Grenadier Regiment; took part in the battle of Waterloo
- Lover of dance, plays, hunting and theater until he married Emilie Willman of Berlin at the age of 32; then became a serious believer in God.
- Wife dies after giving birth of first son, Max. The tragedy strengthened his faith, turning to the scriptures and ministers, especially Schleiermacher and Gossner.
- 1834 becomes Captain assigned to Magdeburg. Married Julie Mangold (Julchesn's mother). Holds Lutheran church services in his house. Is derided by his military colleagues.
- Wouldn't allow his second son, born October 10, 1836 be baptised in the United Church.
- Interview with Bishop Draeseke, Iwan II, p. 95:
Dr: Are you disturbed and seeking comfort?
v.R: No, since I have released myself from the false church, I am at peace and content with my conscience.
Dr: On what grounds do you declare the United Church false?
v.R. Because it assumes more than the true interpretation of the holy scripture concerning Ephesians 4, 5 and thus has two kinds of profession and sacrament.
Dr: Even the National Church considers only one interpretation possible. Only the lack of a specific profession, as is required in orthodoxy, comes as a consequence while the Union deliberates on mysteries such as how to the sacrament
- February 1-, 1837 released from his commission.
- The newborn son dies in March. Later that year cholera in Magdeburg takes son Max. Four days later his second wife dies.
- p. 96 - "He established himself as an antiquarian book dealer and, after leaving his daughter in the care of a merchant, traveled around the county inhabited by the jews and the butchers as a pulp paper dealer, purchasing remaining works of old church teachers and theologians, who in the time of prevailing rationalism were selling for 1 dollar a per hundred wight, and establishing a new market for his rare book dealership."
- January 8, 1838 - arrested and imprisoned for 1 ½ months in Magdeburg for helping Grabau escape. Paroled with the promise not to leave the district. He was given permission to take short leaves (supposedly to continue his rare book searches), met with Grabau, organized for the emigration. This earned him another 2-month term in prison. On May 10th a cabinet order comes for v. Rohr's immediate release without being penalized financially for the cost of the trial and expenses. Goes to Hull and Liverpoole for Grabau to make further arrangements.
- 1840 - called by Grabau to study for the ministry. Marries for the third time.
- 1854 - his daughter Julie marries the oboist, who helped Grabau escape from prison, Friedrich Müller, who also became a pastor.
- Died at the age of 75.
|