Footnotes

(1) Chronicle of the Trinity First Evangelical-Lutheran Church - page 42. Return to text

(2) The Life of the Reverend J. An. A. Grabau, page 12 . Return to text

(3) ibid, page 35. Return to text

(4) Kirchliches Informatorium, Volume 15, No. 2, page 27. Return to text

(5) The Life of the Reverend J. An. A. Grabau, page 27. Return to text

(6) ibid, page 32. Return to text

(7) Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Volume 2, page 128:

"When the Saxons reached the Elbe in 1838 they stopped in Magdeburg and visited the Lutheran congregations there, which stood under the leadership of Captain von Rohr and which also contemplated emigration. The people of Magdeburg considered this an opportunity to establish ties. For this reason Rohr was commissioned by the congregation to hold further negotiations with the Saxons. We do not have sufficient information concerning these negotiations to know what they were about but they probably had to do with nothing other than communal emigration or perhaps communal settlement. Rohr executed the commission from his congregations both orally and in writing. He saw the great potential of a communal effort and since the initial contact yielded no discernible results, he travelled with the Saxons as far as Bremen, indeed he accompanied them as far as the Bremen harbor. He did not want to neglect anything, which might serve to fortify Lutheranism in America. However the last, many-day long negotiations in Bremenhaven were dashed to pieces by the obstinancy and arrogance of Stephan, who in no modest terms demanded that the Prussian clerics would have to allow Stephan to reordain them. Rohr unsuccessfully returned to Magdeburg. But he didn't do this until after he had seen through Stephan and then warned the Saxons about him." Return to text

(8) Kirchliches Informatorium, Volume 15, No. 10, page 148. Return to text

(9) Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Volume 2, p. 258. Return to text

(10) Chronicle of the Trinity First Evangelical-Lutheran Church, pp. 7, 8. Return to text

(11) The Life of the Reverend J. An. A. Grabau, pp. 41 & 42 . Return to text

(12) ibid, pp. 37 & 38 . Return to text

(13) Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Volume 2, pp. 70 & 71. Return to text

(14) Chronicle of the Trinity First Evangelical-Lutheran Church, p. 11. Return to text

(15) Pastoral Letter and Correspondence between J. A. A. Grabau and the Missouri Synod, p. 11 . Return to text

(16) Chronicle of the Trinity First Evangelical-Lutheran Church, pp. 16 & 17. Return to text

(17) ibid, p. 17. Return to text

(18) Der Weltbürger, September 18, 1841, p. 2. Return to text

(19) Chronicle of the Trinity First Evangelical-Lutheran Church, p. 19. Return to text

(20) The Stephanite Emigration to America with Documentation, p. 18. Return to text

(21) Pastoral Letter and Correspondence between J. A. A. Grabau and the Missouri Synod, p. 6 . Return to text

(22) ibid, p. 28 . Return to text

(23) Tell It to the Church!, page 5. Return to text

(24) Pastoral Letter and Correspondence between J. A. A. Grabau and the Missouri Synod, pp. 35 & 36. Return to text

(25) ibid, p. 37. Return to text

(26) Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Volume 2, p. 146.   Return to text

(27) "The Ecclesiastical Title Law " as reported in the April 12, 1855 edition of Democracy. Return to text

(28) Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Volume 2, p. 148.   Return to text

(29) Tell It to the Church!, page 3. Return to text

(30) Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Volume 2, p. 79.   Return to text

(31) Tell It to the Church!, page 8. Return to text

(32) Clarifications on the General Meeting held by the Synod of Buffalo, page 2 . Return to text

(33) What Grabau Teaches and Professes, page 5 . Return to text

(34) Clarifications on the General Meeting held by the Synod of Buffalo, page 18 . Return to text

(35) ibid, page 19 . Return to text

(36) ibid . Return to text

(37) ibid, page 25 . Return to text

(38) ibid, page 30 . Return to text

(39) ibid. Return to text

(40) What Grabau Teaches and Professes, page 34 . Return to text

(41) Chronicle of the Trinity First Evangelical-Lutheran Church - page 55. Return to text

(42) Uprooted from Prussia, Transplanted in America, p. 80. Return to text


The Original Outline for the Article

Biographical Outlines for Krause and von Rohr


Bibliography

Primary Sources:

Secondary Sources:

  • Camann, Eugene W., More Prussian Transplantings in Wheatfield, Gilcraft Printing Co., Buffalo 1997, 2004.
  • Camann, Eugene W., Uprooted from Prussia, Transplanted in America, Gilcraft Printing Co., Buffalo 1992, 2004.
  • Drummond, Andrew Landale, "Church and State in Protestant Germany before 1918: with Special Reference to Prussia," in Church History, September 1944, Volume 13, Number 3, pp. 210 -229.
  • "The Ecclesiastical Title Law", Democracy, Buffalo, NY, April 12, 1855 - Page 2, Column 4
  • Gerber, David A., "The Pathos of Exile: Old Lutheran Refugees in the United States and South Australia, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 26, No. 3 (July 1984), pp. 498 - 522.
  • Iwan, Wilhelm, Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Johann Hess-Institut, Breslau, 1943.
  • “Obituary for John N. Grabau.” New York Times, December 3, 1940, p. 36.
  • Sauer, Philip von Rohr, "Heinrich von Rohr and the Lutheran Immigration to New York and Wisconsin," Wisconsin Magazine of History, 18: 3 (March 1935), pp. 246 - 268.
  • Sauer, Philip von Rohr, "Some Heinrich von Rohr Letters and A Tribute to His Widow," Concordia Institute Quarterly 62, 4 (Winter 1989) pp. 170 - 179.